Seguin,E.(1907).Idiocy::,D.C.,＆ Schmidt,R.A.(1982).Theschematheory: ＆ (Eds.),Thedevelopmentofmovementcontrolandcoordination (pp.113-150).Chichester,England:Wiley.
Shea,C.H.,＆ Wulf,C.(2005).Schema:,37(2),85-101.
Sherwood,D.E.,＆ Lee,T.D.(2003).Schematheory:,74(4),376-382.
SimCalcMathworlds.(1996).SimCalcMathworlds (Version1.164)［Computersoftware］(1996).Dartmouth:UniversityofMassachusetts.
Smedslund,J.(1953).Theproblemof “whatislearned?” PsychologicalReview,60,157-158.
Stagray,J.R.,＆ Downs,D.(1993).,21(1),5-16.
Thorndike,E.L.(1913).Educationalpsychology::ColumbiaUniversityPress.
Thorndike,E.L.,＆ Woodworth,R.S.(1901).,8,247-261.
Tseitlin,M.,＆ Galili,I.(2004).Physicsteachinginthesearchforitsself: ＆ Education,13,1-27.
Tuomi-Gr?hn,T.,＆ Engestr?m,Y.(2003).Conceptualizingtransfer:-Gr?hn ＆ ?m (Eds.),Betweenschoolandwork:Newper-spectivesontransferandboundary-crossing (pp.19-38).Amsterdam,TheNetherlands:,A.,＆ Mason,J.(2005).Mathematicsasaconstructiveactivity:,NJ:LawrenceErlbaumAssociates,Inc.
CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoFerenceMarton,DepartmentofEducationandEducationalResearch,G?teborgUniversity,P.O.Box1010,S-43126M?lndal,Sweden.E-mail:@.
[1] .
[2] Beach (1999),however,arguedforaviewoftransferasconsequentialtransitions (i.e.,asthetransformation,construction,andreconstructionofknowledge,identities,andskillsinnewsituations).Bydoingso, “examiningtransferbetweentasks” ontheonehandand “studyingtransferbetweenlargersociallyorganizedsitua-tions” ,Iamdoingtheformer,-Gr?hnandEngestr?m (2003) presentedadevelopmentalviewoftransfer,similartoBeach'“grainsize” betweentheirdiscussionoftransferandmineisevenmorepronounced,asaretheirconcludingwords:“...transferisaboutchangingcommunitiesratherthanindividuals”.
[3] Thetheory—orrather,theframeworkindicatedin “PerceptualAspectsofLearning”—hasbeenpresentedinitsdifferentstagesofdevelopmentbyMartonandBooth (1997),BowdenandMarton (2004),MartonandTsui (2004),andMartonandPang (2006).Itresemblesquitecloselyanother,independentlydevelopedframeworkbyMasonandWatson (see,forinstance,Mason,2001;Watson ＆ Mason,2005).
