'sfirstlawofmotion,,Newton'slawwouldnotevenseemalaw,butratherastraightforwardempiricalgeneralization,'sformulation,,lookingatwhatishappeningontheearthinsteadoflookingatwhathappensinspacewoulddo.Ifonetriestoswitchoffthecarenginewhiletravelingat50km/hrandthendeclutches,shewillnoticethatthecarwillnotcontinuetotravelat50km/,,,thecarwouldcontinuetomoveforwardat50km/,'sfirstlawwithoureverydayexperience,wecanconcludethatfarfrommakingarathertrivialobservation,,thisprincipleprobablyseemsstraightforwardtomostofus,? WhatAristotlesaysisthatifabodyisatrest,.
ThedifferencebetweenAristotleandNewtonisthattheformertriestoexplainthedifferencebetweenrestandmovement,whereasthelattertriestoexplaindifferencesinvelocity, (ordeceleration).Changeinvelocity,forexamplebetweenrestandmovement, (includingrest) , (atleast) ,theNewtonianwayofmakingdistinctionsbetweenbodiesinmovementismorepowerfulthantheAristotelianway (accordingtothestudyofphysics).Second,theNewtonianwayofmakingthedistinctionbecomesvisiblewhenitisjuxtaposedwiththeAristotelian.
? GaliliandHazan (2000) -longhistoricallyorientedphysicscourse (thetargetgroup) withthatbystudentswhoparticipatedinacomparableconventionalcourseinphysics(thecomparisongroup).,,inthecomparisongroup,theviewoflightrayswasreifiedas “whatlightcomprises”.Incontrast,inthetargetgroup,lightrayswereconceivedasanauxiliarytoolinmodernscience,asaresultofexploringcontrastingontologicalclaimsofhistoricalmodels.
